Palabras clave
Resistencia Bacteriana a los Antibióticos
Infecciones Bacterianas
Infección Nosocomial
Infecciones Adquiridas en la Comunidad
Betalactamasas
Resistencia a Carbapenémicos
Factores de Virulencia
Cómo citar
Resumen
La resistencia de la Klebsiella pneumoniae se ha convertido en un problema de salud. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de sintetizar aspectos biológicos y clínicos de Klebsiella pneumoniae y su resistencia bacteriana. La búsqueda de información se realizó en PubMed, SciELO y Google Scholar y se examinaron un total de 43 fuentes bibliográficas. Constituye una bacteria que incide de manera significativa en la morbilidad y mortalidad de neumonías, infecciones del tracto urinario y bacteriemia/sepsis, entre otras. El tratamiento de estas enfermedades representa un grave riesgo terapéutico debido a la coexistencia de resistencia a varios tipos de antibióticos, desde la propagación de cepas productoras de betalactamasas de espectro extendido hasta el desarrollo de cepas resistentes a los carbapenémicos. Se manifiesta tanto en la comunidad como en los hospitales. La resistencia bacteriana se produce por características de virulencia que permiten la colonización, evasión de la respuesta inmunitaria y la aparición de infecciones de difícil control. Esta situación subraya la importancia de la vigilancia genética y la identificación de focos de transmisión para orientar las estrategias de control y prevención. Debido a esto, la resistencia bacteriana de la Klebsiella pneumoniae supone un reto fundamental para la salud pública.
Citas
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